Template:
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name. DOI (if available)
Example:
Stoneman, R. (2008). Alexander the Great: A life in legend. Yale University Press.
Template:
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of Chapter. In E. E. Editor & F. F. Editor (Eds.), Title of book: Capital letter also for subtitle (pp. pages of chapter). Publisher. DOI (if available)
Example:
Armstrong, D. (2019). Malory and character. In M. G. Leitch & C. J. Rushton (Eds.), A new companion to Malory (pp. 144-163). D. S. Brewster.
Template:
Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of periodical, Volume Number(Issue Number), Pages. DOI (if available).
Example:
Bolger, A. (2020). Normal childhood development curriculum in a pediatric rehabilitation training program: An interactive, novel approach. Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, 13(1), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.3233/PRM-190645
List by author last names and initials. Separate author names with a comma. Use the ampersand instead of "and.".
Example:
Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2017). The next big five inventory (BFI-2): Developing and assessing a hierarchical model with 15 facets to enhance bandwidth, fidelity, and predictive power. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(1), 117-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000096
List by last names and initials; commas separate author names, while the last author name is preceded again by ampersand.
Example:
Nguyen, T., Carnevale, J. J., Scholer, A. A., Miele, D. B., & Fujita, K. (2019). Metamotivationalknowledge of the role of high-level and low-level construal in goal-relevant task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117(5), 879-899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000166
List by last names and initials; commas separate author names. After the first 19 author's names, use an ellipsis in place of the remaining author names. Then, end with the final author's name (do not place an ampersand before it). There should be no more than twenty names in the citation in total.
Example:
Pegion, K., Kirtman, B. P., Becker, E., Collins, D. C., LaJoie, E., Burgman, R., Bell, R., DelSole, R.,Min, D., Zhu, Y., Li, W., Sinsky, E., Guan, H., Gottschalck, J., Metzger, E. J., Barton, N. P., Achuthavarier, D., Marshak, J., Koster, R., . . . Kim, H. (2019). The subseasonal experiment (SubX): A multimodel subseasonal prediction experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 100(10), 2043-2061. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0270.1
*When citing journal articles, present journal titles in full. Italicize journal titles, and maintain any nonstandard punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title. Capitalize all major words in the titles of journals. For example: you should use PhiloSOPHIA instead of Philosophia, or Past & Present instead of Past and Present.
Template:
Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of article. Title of Publication. URL (if available)
Example:
Kornfield, M. (2021, February 13). First known patient reinfected with South Africa coronavirus variant is in critical condition. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/02/13/reinfection-south-africa-variant/
For print newspaper articles, provide the page or page numbers of the article after the newspaper title. Do not include the abbreviations p. or pp. before the pages.
Template:
Author, A. A. (Year, Month Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. DOI (if available).
Example:
Sidey, H. (1979, January 29). On trusting the Soviets. Time, 113(5), 17.
Template:
Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of Page. Site Name. URL
Example:
Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist. Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01
Template:
Account Name. (Year, Month Date). Title of Video [Video]. Streaming Service. URL
Example:
Harvard University. (2019, August 28). Soft robotic gripper for jellyfish [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guRoWTYfxMs
Template:
Last Name, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of Post. Web Host. URL
Example:
Axelrod, A. (2019, August 11). A century later: The Treaty of Versailles and its rejection of racial equality. NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/08/11/742293305/a-century-later-the-treaty-of-versailles-and-its-rejection-of-racial-equality
Template:
Last Name, F. M. or Name of Group [@username], (Year, Month Date). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Tweet]. Site Name. URL
Example:
National Geographic [@NatGeo], (2020, January 12). Scientists knew African grays are clever, but now they've been documented assisting other members of their species-even strangers [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/NatGeo/status/1216346352063537154
Please check with your professor before using content produced by generative artificial intelligence (AI). Visit this webpage for more information. See the APA Style Guide for additional examples.
Template:
Author. (Date). Name of tool (Version of tool) [Large language model]. URL
Example:
OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat